How to choose an electric generator
The market for electric generators offers a wide variety of options. Therefore, to decide on the model that better suits our needs, we should consider its features and characteristics, and what will its usage be.
Power or electric generators can be classified into two main types:
- Portable generators, for private, commercial, or domestic use.
- Industrial generators.
Portable generators are smaller and less powerful. Working as a temporary power source, they are perfect as backup units for a small to medium home, store, or office. They can also be helpful in distant areas without grid connection, such as unpowered campsites.
Industrial generators, on the other hand, are larger and more powerful. Their purpose is to serve as a power supply source for industrial facilities during prolonged periods, while at the same time protecting the connected devices. They are also suitable for hospitals, schools, large industrial units, and malls.
Next, we will discuss the most relevant features to evaluate when deciding on a power generator.
- Single-phase or three-phase generators
Single-phase generators have a 220V (volts) output. Due to this, this type of generator is the most frequently used at domestic units.
In contrast, three-phase generators' output voltage is 380V (volts). These are designed to power specific three-phase equipment, guaranteeing constant electricity supply.
Even though three-phase generators can be used in buildings with single-phase installation, doing so is not advisable, as the generator's performance will decrease.
- Fuel type
Electric generators may be diesel or petrol-powered.
Diesel generators are more adequate for continuous use, as they tend to show greater autonomy, and diesel is more economical than petrol. Bear in mind, however, that this type of generator is louder than petrol generators.
Petrol electric generators are ideal for 4 to 6 hours working periods, with pauses in between. They are quieter, lighter, and more affordable than those running on diesel.
- Inverter or AVR
Generators can be divided into two groups, depending on the power output: Inverter or AVR. To ensure a stable behaviour and avoid voltage fluctuations that may damage the supplied equipment, we must carefully choose the appropriate type depending on the intended usage.
Inverter generators provide voltage and frequency stability, which makes them an ideal source for sensitive equipment that requires a stable power supply, such as computers, TVs, light fixtures, etc. In addition, they are usually quieter, lighter, and more compact.
Generators with AVR -automatic voltage regulator- can simultaneously power several electronic devices, from household appliances to machinery, while maintaining a stable voltage (+/- 2%), providing extra protection for your equipment.
- Power
To make an accurate calculation of the generator's required power, add up the power requirements of every device that will be connected concurrently. In order to do this, keep in mind that some electronic devices require a starting wattage (minimum watts required or surge wattage) that is frequently higher than the running wattage.
- Other aspects to consider
Starting system: Generators may have manual, electric, automatic, or remote start. For higher-power generators or for industrial use, electric or automatic start models are preferable.
Noise level: For domestic or commercial uses (businesses, shops, etc.) where you want to avoid loud noises, choosing soundproof models is advisable. On the contrary, for construction sites or remote spaces such as fields, you may go for an open-frame generator.
Mobility kit: Another main point to consider is whether the generator will be stationary or if it is going to be moved between different locations. If you plan to transport the generator, consider buying a wheeled generator, particularly when it weighs more than 20kg.